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Sodium Chloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
NaCl
CAS number
7647-14-5
IUPAC name
sodium;chloride
State
State

At room temperature, sodium chloride is a solid. It remains stable and retains its solid state under standard conditions until it reaches its melting point.

Melting point (Celsius)
801.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
1 074.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
1 465.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
1 738.00
General information
Molecular weight
58.44g/mol
Molar mass
58.4430g/mol
Density
2.1650g/cm3
Appearence

Sodium chloride, commonly known as salt, is a white crystalline solid. The crystals are usually cubic and can form various shapes, often appearing as small granules or large crystals depending on the form and purity. It is colorless when pure but may appear white or slightly off-white if impurities are present.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

Sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt, exhibits remarkable solubility in water. When discussing its solubility, several key points should be highlighted:

  • High Water Solubility: NaCl dissolves readily in water, with a solubility of approximately 357 g/L at room temperature.
  • Temperature Dependency: The solubility of NaCl increases slightly with higher temperatures, making it more soluble in hot water compared to cold.
  • Electrical Conductivity: When dissolved, NaCl dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl−), contributing to the ionic strength of the solution, which can enhance electrical conductivity.
  • Impact of Solvent: Although NaCl is primarily soluble in water, it has limited solubility in organic solvents such as alcohol or benzene, which do not effectively solvate the ions.
  • Crystallization: Upon evaporation of water or concentration of the solution, NaCl can easily crystallize, demonstrating its reversible solubility properties.

Overall, the solubility of sodium chloride in water makes it not only a crucial compound in various biological and chemical processes but also a staple in culinary applications. As such, it is a prime example of how ionic compounds behave in aqueous solutions.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is much more than just a seasoning for your food; it plays a critical role in multiple fields and phenomena. Here are some fascinating insights into this essential compound:

  • Essential for Life: Sodium chloride is vital for human health. It helps regulate fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve function. Without it, our bodies would struggle to perform essential physiological functions.
  • Historical Significance: Salt has a long history and was once so valuable that it was used as currency. The word "salary" derives from the Latin word salarium, which refers to payments made to Roman soldiers for the purchase of salt.
  • Electrolyte Power: In biological systems, sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl−) work together to create electrical gradients across cell membranes, making them crucial for transmitting electrical signals in our bodies, including those necessary for brain function.
  • Industrial Applications: Beyond food, sodium chloride is used in various industries, such as chemical manufacturing, water treatment, and even in the production of glass and textiles. Its versatility is a testament to its chemical properties.
  • Natural Occurrence: Sodium chloride occurs abundantly in nature, often in the form of rock salt (halite) and in sea water, where it constitutes about 3.5% of the total composition. The oceans hold nearly 97% of Earth’s salt.
  • Weather Modification: Interestingly, sodium chloride is also used in cloud seeding, a method for weather modification aimed at inducing precipitation by dispersing salt into the atmosphere.

In summary, sodium chloride is more than just a simple chemical compound; it intersects with various aspects of health, economy, and the environment, making it a compound worthy of admiration and respect. Next time you sprinkle salt on your meal, consider the rich history and science behind this everyday item!

Synonyms
sodium chloride
7647-14-5
Salt
Table salt
Halite
Saline
Common salt
Rock salt
Dendritis
Purex
Sodium chloric
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
Flexivial
Gingivyl
Hyposaline
Sodium monochloride
Iodized salt
Slow Sodium
Top flake
NaCl
SS salt
Adsorbanac
Natriumchlorid
Hypersal
sodium;chloride
Sea salt
H.G. blending
Salt (ingredient)
sodiumchloride
Trisodium trichloride
White crystal
Sodium chloride (Na4Cl4)
Natrum Muriaticum
Extra Fine 200 Salt
Extra Fine 325 Salt
Sodium chloride brine, purified
Colyte
Isotonic saline
Broncho saline
Dendritic salt
Caswell No. 754
Normal saline
CCRIS 982
Arm-A-Vial
HSDB 6368
Kochsalz
Mafiron
cloruro sodico
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 013905
natrii chloridum
Watesal A
chlorure de sodium
EINECS 231-598-3
Brinewate Superfine
MFCD00003477
NSC 77364
NSC-77364
UNII-451W47IQ8X
LS-1700
14762-51-7
CHEBI:26710
451W47IQ8X
Sodium chloride in plastic container
UNII-VR5Y7PDT5W
Sodium chloride, ultra dry
Sodium chloride, hypertonic
Sodium chloride 3% in plastic container
Sodium chloride 5% in plastic container
Sodium chloride [USP:JAN]
Sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container
10% Sodium Chloride Injection
Sodium chloride 0.45% in plastic container
Sodium chloride 23.4% in plastic container
Ayr
SODIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS
DTXSID3021271
SODIUM CHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS
Sodium chloride, for cell culture
EC 231-598-3
NSC77364
Sodium chloride 0.9% in sterile plastic container
Sodium chloride, for molecular biology
Sodium chloride; NaCl
sterling
B1655
Sodium chloride, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Sodium chloride (USP:JAN)
SODIUM CHLORIDE (II)
SODIUM CHLORIDE [II]
Sodium chloride (Na36Cl)
SODIUM CHLORIDE (USP-RS)
SODIUM CHLORIDE [USP-RS]
Natriumchlorid [German]
SODIUM CHLORIDE (EP MONOGRAPH)
SODIUM CHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
SODIUM CHLORIDE (USP MONOGRAPH)
SODIUM CHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Halite (NaCl)
Sodium chloride, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur. BP USP, inverted exclamation markU0.00002% Al
Sodium chloride, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
Sodium-36 chloride
Athomer
Cleanoz
Isotonic
Licefreee
Nebusal
Pulmosal
Titrisol
Entsol
NasoxinSpray
sodium-chloride
Solsel
Octiq
Ancient Secrets
Sterile Saline
Walgreen Saline
Athomer Baby
Athomer Mini
Mineral Metea
Saline Wipes
Sea water
Athomer Propolis
Beanguard Gargle
Clear Mist
Normal Salt
Saline Mist
Stat trak plus
Walgreens Saline
Saline Nasal2oz
Saline Nasal3oz
Na-zone
Sel Gemme
Bye Zero
Aqua Maris Daily
Uzushio Biryuu M
Cardiovascular Kit
CVS Saline
Licefreee Everyday
Nat Mur
Natrium Muriaticum
TID Clean Align
TID Clean Plant
Adsorbanac (TN)
Aqua Maris Strong
MEIJER Saline
TID Clean Care
TID Clean Dent
Amphenol-40
Aquamarine8105
Normal Salt Tablets
sodium chloride salt
Sterile Saline Mist
Saline Nasal1.5oz
Corvatrol 0.9%
3% Sodium Chloride
Canners 999
Sodium Chloride ACS
sodium chloride spray
NaCl Solution, 1M
Nat Mur 3X
Nat Mur 6X
Extrafine 200 salt
Extrafine 325 salt
Natrum Muriaticum 6C
Saline Nasal1 fl oz
Walgreens Saline Mist
32343-72-9
Sel Gemme8146
0.9% saline
AQUA MARINA
Bye Bye (Toc Toc)
Natrium Muriaticum 6X
Nat Mur 12X
Nat Mur 30X
SUPRASEL NITRITE
Homeopathic Pediculicide
Natrum muriaticum 30C
Vamousse Lice Treatment
Aqua Maris Daily Clean
Cleansing Wipe / Tube
P-Care K40MX
P-Care K80MX
Saline, sodium chloride
Sodium chloride, tablet
Nat Mur 200X
Natrum Muriaticum8009
TONICPET 9
Aqua Maris Extra Strong
Sodium chloride (8CI)
Vamousse Lice Prevention
API AQUARIUM SALT
mono-sodium chloride salt
Muro 128
0.9% nacl
Sodium chloride, isotonic
Sterile Saline Kids Mist
7.5% Hypertonic Saline
Hypertonic Saline 7.2%
Sodium chloride 2.65%
Salt (6CI,7CI)
Sodium Chloride 0.65%
Sodium ChlorideNormal Salt
VR5Y7PDT5W
API POND POND SALT
Special Salt 100/95
USP SODIUM CHLORIDE
Extra Strenght Saline Mist
Nacl 0.9%
WLN: NA G
Hypertonic Saline 7.2 %
VetivexVeterinary Hypertonic
SDG high level disinfectant
Ancient SecretsBreathe Again
Cardiovascular Accessory Kit
Sterile Saline MistRite Aid
Sterile Saline MistWalgreens
Vamousse Pro Lice Treatment
Natrum Muriaticum Kit Refill
Sodium Chloride Hypertonicity
SODIUM CHLORIDE [MI]
SODIUM CHLORIDE1 GRAM
NATRUM MURIATICUM200ck
Sodium chloride, ACS reagent
Sykes 0.9% Sodium Chloride
B1655 [LANGUAL]
SODIUM CHLORIDE [JAN]
Sodium Chloride for Irrigation
Sodium chloride, 99.999%
0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE
RNS60 COMPONENT SALINE
Sodium chloride (JP18/USP)
SODIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB]
Sodium chloride, Optical Grade
Chlorine-containing disinfectant
DTXCID001271
Sykes Hypertonic Saline 7.2%
SinuCleanse Sterile Saline Mist
SODIUM CHLORIDE [VANDF]
Bacteriostatic sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container
CHEMBL1200574
NATRUM MURIATICUM [HPUS]
RNS-60 COMPONENT SALINE
HY-Y0344D
HY-Y0344H
HY-Y0344I
HY-Y0344J
Isotonic sodium chloride solution
SODIUM CHLORIDE 23.4%
Sodium chloride biochemical grade
7647-14-5 (solid)
SODIUM CHLORIDE [WHO-DD]
SODIUM CHLORIDE [WHO-IP]
MultiBic component sodium Chloride
Sterile Saline Kids MistPediaMeds
Veterinary 0.9% Sodium Chloride
VETIVEXVeterinary Sodium Chloride
Extra Strenght Saline MistRite Aid
Sodium chloride, AR, >=99.9%
Sodium chloride, LR, >=99.5%
Sodium chloride, Spectroscopy Grade
STR02627
Walgreens Saline MistExtra Strength
Haemonetics 0.9 % Sodium Chloride
Sodium chloride, MANAC Incorporated
SODIUM CHLORIDE [GREEN BOOK]
Sodium chloride, >=99%, AR grade
Vamousse Lice Treatment Complete Kit
SODIUM CHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
AKOS024438089
AKOS024457457
Alfa Veterinary 0.9% Sodium Chloride
SODIUM CHLORIDE, BACTERIOSTATIC
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 13905
DB09153
FS30573
Sodium chloride, technical grade, 95%
Sodium chloride, technical grade, 97%
Altachlore Sodium Chloride Hypertonicity
NATRII CHLORIDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]
Sodium Chloride Hypertonicity Ophthalmic
Sodium chloride, Ph. Eur., USP grade
Sodium chloride, p.a., 99-100.5%
SinuCleanse Sterile Saline Mist Daily Care
Sodium chloride, NIST(R) SRM(R) 919b
Sodium chloride, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Sodium chloride, USP, 99.0-100.5%
Sodium chloride, USP, 99.0-101.0%
Sterile Saline Kids MistSinuCleanse Breathe
CS-0376163
CS-0909801
CS-0909802
CS-0909803
NS00076259
Q2314
S0572
Sodium chloride, BioXtra, >=99.5% (AT)
Sodium chloride, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Sodium chloride, tested according to Ph.Eur.
D02056
Sodium chloride, 99.999% trace metals basis
Sodium chloride, JIS special grade, >=99.5%
Sodium chloride, Trace metals grade, 99.99%
Isotopic standard for chlorine, NIST SRM 975a
Sodium chloride, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%
Sodanylium and hydrochloric acid, ion(1-) (1:1)
Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (AT)
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 25mm x 5mm, unpolished
Sodium chloride for DNase, RNase, and protease, none detected
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 13mm x 1mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 13mm x 2mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 22mm x 4mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 25mm x 2mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 25mm x 4mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 32mm x 3mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride solution, 1 mol/l -1 N volumetric standard solution
Sodium chloride, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (AT)
Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (AT), powder or crystals
Sodium chloride, reagent grade, >=98%, +80 mesh particle size
Sodium standard for AAS, ready-to-use, traceable to BAM, in H2O
Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 38.5mm x 19.5mm x 4mm, unpolished
Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 41mm x 23mm x 6mm, unpolished
Sodium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.99% trace metals basis
Sodium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.999% trace metals basis
Sodium chloride, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 99.5%
Sodium chloride, random crystals, optical grade, 99.98% trace metals basis
SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% IN PLASTIC THERMOJECT KIT FOR CARDIAC OUTPUT USE
Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 32mm x 3mm (drilled), polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 30mm x 15mm x 4mm (drilled), polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 30mm x 15mm x 4mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 38.5mm x 19.5mm x 4mm, polished both sides
Sodium chloride, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Sodium chloride, anhydrous, Redi-Dri(TM), free-flowing, ACS reagent, >=99%
Sodium chloride, BioPerformance Certified, >=99% (titration), Cell Culture Tested
Sodium chloride, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.0-100.5%
Sodium chloride, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%
231-598-3
Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 38.5mm x 19.5mm x 4mm (drilled), polished both sides
Sodium chloride, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, suitable for insect cell culture, suitable for plant cell culture, >=99%
Sodium chloride, certified reference material for titrimetry, certified by BAM, according to ISO 17025, >=99.5%
Sodium chloride, for molecular biology, DNase, RNase, and protease, none detected, >=98% (titration)