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Sodium hydride

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Identification
Molecular formula
NaH
CAS number
7646-69-7
IUPAC name
sodium hydride
State
State

At room temperature, sodium hydride is in a solid state. It is a non-molecular hydride, and its solid form can be hazardous if not handled properly due to its reactivity with water and other substances.

Melting point (Celsius)
800.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
1 073.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
-1.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
-1.00
General information
Molecular weight
24.00g/mol
Molar mass
23.9980g/mol
Density
1.3800g/cm3
Appearence

Sodium hydride is typically a gray to white crystalline powder. Its appearance can vary slightly depending on the specific conditions of preparation and any chemical processing it has undergone.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Sodium Hydride (NaH)

Sodium hydride (NaH) is an interesting chemical compound with unique solubility characteristics. When considering its solubility, keep the following points in mind:

  • In Water: Sodium hydride is not soluble in water. Instead, it reacts vigorously with water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas:
    • NaH + H2O → NaOH + H2↑
  • In Organic Solvents: NaH can be dissolved in certain organic solvents, such as:
    • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
    • Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
    • Liquid ammonia
  • Reactivity: NaH acts more as a strong base than a traditional soluble ionic compound. Its reactivity can desensitize its solubility behavior, making it important to consider the solvent environment.
  • Precautions: Due to its vigorous reaction with water, NaH should be handled under anhydrous conditions to avoid potentially hazardous reactions.

In conclusion, while sodium hydride is insoluble in water and reacts with it, careful choice of organic solvents can allow for its effective use in various chemical reactions. Understanding its solubility and reactivity is crucial for safe handling and application in synthetic organic chemistry.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Sodium Hydride

Sodium hydride (NaH) is a fascinating ionic compound, primarily recognized for its role in the field of organic chemistry and materials science. Here are some captivating insights:

  • Strong Reducing Agent: Sodium hydride is considered a potent reducing agent. It can effectively reduce various functional groups, making it valuable in organic synthesis.
  • Reactivity with Water: When sodium hydride comes into contact with water, it reacts vigorously to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2). This reaction is highly exothermic and can pose safety risks if not handled properly.
  • Usage in Hydrogen Storage: Due to its ability to release hydrogen upon decomposition, sodium hydride has been explored for applications in hydrogen storage technologies, which is essential for developing clean energy solutions.
  • Formation of Metal Complexes: Sodium hydride can form complexes with various metals, enhancing its usefulness in catalysis and chemical transformations.
  • Historical Significance: Discovered in the early 19th century, sodium hydride plays a critical role in the evolution of chemical research and the development of alkaline metals.

The versatility of sodium hydride in different chemical reactions not only highlights its significance in academic research but also demonstrates its potential in advancing technologies aimed at sustainable energy.