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Diethyl carbonate

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H10O3
CAS number
105-58-8
IUPAC name
diethyl carbonate
State
State

At room temperature, diethyl carbonate is a liquid. It is commonly used as a solvent and a reagent in various chemical reactions.

Melting point (Celsius)
-43.20
Melting point (Kelvin)
229.95
Boiling point (Celsius)
126.80
Boiling point (Kelvin)
399.95
General information
Molecular weight
118.13g/mol
Molar mass
118.1310g/mol
Density
0.9780g/cm3
Appearence

Diethyl carbonate is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic ester-like odor. It is completely miscible with most organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, and ethers, but only slightly soluble in water.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Diethyl Carbonate

Diethyl carbonate (C5H10O3), a versatile organic compound, exhibits interesting solubility characteristics that are essential for its applications in various fields. When we explore its solubility profile, we note the following key points:

  • Solvent Interactions: Diethyl carbonate is known to be soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform, allowing it to act as an excellent solvent in numerous chemical processes.
  • Water Solubility: It has limited solubility in water, which is attributed to its non-polar carbon chain. However, it can dissolve slightly, with reports indicating solubility around 1-2 g per 100 mL.
  • Temperature Effect: The solubility of diethyl carbonate can increase with temperature, making higher temperatures favorable for dissolving more of this compound in solvents.

In summary, diethyl carbonate's solubility profile is crucial for its utilization. As one source elegantly puts it, "The ability to dissolve in various organic solvents while maintaining limited water solubility makes diethyl carbonate a valuable compound in synthesis and formulation processes." Understanding its solubility can enhance its applications across different chemical landscapes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Diethyl Carbonate

Diethyl carbonate is a versatile organic compound that belongs to the class of carbonates. It is particularly noteworthy due to its applications in various fields and its intriguing properties.

1. Common Uses

  • Synthetic Intermediates: Often used in organic synthesis as a solvent and reagent.
  • Fuel Additive: Employed as an additive in biodiesel production to improve the fuel's performance.
  • Electrolyte in Batteries: Acts as a key component in lithium-ion battery electrolytes, contributing to battery efficiency.

2. Environmental Considerations

What sets diethyl carbonate apart from other solvents is its relatively low toxicity and biodegradability, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to more hazardous solvents. As noted by many chemists, using such compounds can lead to “greener” chemical processes.

3. Chemical Characteristics

Diethyl carbonate has unique characteristics that make it valuable in laboratory settings and industrial processes:

  • High Polarity: This property allows it to dissolve a wide range of substances.
  • Stability: It is stable under a variety of conditions, making it suitable for multiple applications.

4. Safety and Handling

Although it is safer compared to many traditional solvents, proper precautions should always be observed:

  • Use in well-ventilated areas
  • Avoid ingestion and skin contact

In summary, diethyl carbonate is a remarkable compound that combines utility with reduced environmental impact. Its role in contemporary research and industry continues to expand, promising exciting developments in the field of chemistry.

Synonyms
DIETHYL CARBONATE
105-58-8
Ethyl carbonate
Carbonic acid diethyl ester
Carbonic acid, diethyl ester
Eufin
Diatol
Diaethylcarbonat
Carbonic ether
Ethoxyformic anhydride
Diethylkarbonat
Ethyl carbonate ((EtO)2CO)
diethylcarbonate
Diethylkarbonat [Czech]
Diaethylcarbonat [German]
NCI-C60899
NSC 8849
Diethylester kyseliny uhlicite
CCRIS 6229
HSDB 925
EINECS 203-311-1
UN2366
Diethylester kyseliny uhlicite [Czech]
UNII-3UA92692HG
Diethyl-d10Carbonate
DTXSID3025041
AI3-00365
Diethylcarbonate, 99%
NSC-8849
Diethyl carbonate-13C5
C2H5OC(O)OC2H5
ETHYL CARBONATE [MI]
Diethyl ester of carbonic acid
DTXCID105041
DIETHYL CARBONATE [HSDB]
EC 203-311-1
3UA92692HG
UN 2366
440671-47-6
DIAETHYLCARBONAT (GERMAN)
diethylcarbonat
Diethyl carbonic acid
Diethyl carbonate ester
carbonic acid diethylester
Diethyl carbonate, 99%
SCHEMBL3673
WLN: 2OVO2
CHEMBL1533495
DIETHYL CARBONATE [INCI]
NSC8849
CHEBI:173463
Tox21_200769
MFCD00009107
Diethyl carbonate, analytical standard
AKOS000120910
Diethyl carbonate, anhydrous, >=99%
FD60373
NCGC00091669-01
NCGC00091669-02
NCGC00258323-01
BP-21019
CAS-105-58-8
LS-13080
DB-029661
Diethyl carbonate, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
NS00041201
Diethyl carbonate LBG-23605, LBG-23601
EN300-20788
D97668
Diethyl carbonate [UN2366] [Flammable liquid]
Q420616
F0001-0109
Z104482516
Diethyl carbonate, >=99%, acid <10 ppm, H2O <10 ppm