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Acetyl chloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
C2H3ClO
CAS number
75-36-5
IUPAC name
acetyl chloride
State
State

At room temperature, acetyl chloride is a liquid. It is often used as a reagent in organic synthesis and should be handled carefully due to its corrosive and reactive nature.

Melting point (Celsius)
-112.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
161.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
51.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
324.15
General information
Molecular weight
78.50g/mol
Molar mass
78.5000g/mol
Density
1.1040g/cm3
Appearence

Acetyl chloride is a colorless liquid with a pungent smell. It fumes in moist air due to its reaction with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas, and may appear as a white cloud in air as a result.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Acetyl Chloride

Acetyl chloride (C2H3ClO) is known for its distinctive solubility characteristics. This compound is highly soluble in a variety of organic solvents, which makes it quite versatile in chemical reactions. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Polar solvents: Acetyl chloride is soluble in polar organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.
  • Non-polar solvents: It is also soluble in less polar solvents like ether and benzene.
  • Water solubility: Although acetyl chloride reacts with water to form acetic acid and hydrochloric acid, it does not spontaneously dissolve in water.

Due to its high reactivity and ability to easily form complexes, acetyl chloride demonstrates distinctive solubility behaviors essential for its use in various chemical syntheses. As the saying goes, “Like dissolves like,” and this principle is evident in the solubility patterns of acetyl chloride, where its fate in solution is largely dictated by the nature of the solvent used.


Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Acetyl Chloride

Acetyl chloride (C2H3ClO) is a fascinating chemical compound with a wide range of applications and characteristics that make it a subject of interest in the field of chemistry.

Key Properties and Uses

  • Reagent in Organic Synthesis: Acetyl chloride is commonly used as a reagent in organic chemistry. It plays a crucial role in the process of acetylation, where an acetyl group is introduced into a compound, modifying its properties and reactivity.
  • Precursor for Production: This compound serves as an important precursor for synthesizing various chemicals, including acetic anhydride, which is widely used in the manufacture of vinegar and other products.
  • In the Pharmaceutical Industry: Acetyl chloride is valued in the pharmaceutical industry for its applications in synthesizing medicinal compounds, working notably in the preparation of analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Caution and Safety

While acetyl chloride is a powerful and useful chemical, it must be handled with care. It is known to be corrosive and can cause severe irritation. Always remember to use proper protective equipment and work in a well-ventilated area when dealing with this compound. Here are a few safety tips:

  • Use gloves and goggles to protect skin and eyes.
  • Ensure proper storage in a cool, dry place away from moisture.
  • Handle with care to prevent inhalation of fumes.

Cultural Impact

Beyond its utility in laboratories and industries, acetyl chloride has found its way into educational discussions about chemical reactivity and functional groups. It is often discussed in the context of:

  • **Reactions with Alcohols:** Acetyl chloride reacts vigorously with alcohols to form esters, making it a classic example in organic chemistry classes.
  • **Role in Carbon Compounds:** It demonstrates the behavior of carbonyl compounds, helping to illustrate key concepts about functional groups.

In summary, acetyl chloride is more than just a simple chemical compound; it is a vital player in various chemical reactions and processes, earning its place as a subject of study and respect in the world of chemistry.

Synonyms
ACETYL CHLORIDE
75-36-5
Ethanoyl chloride
Acetic chloride
Acetylchloride
Acetic acid chloride
CH3COCl
RCRA waste number U006
Acetic acid, chloride
CCRIS 4568
HSDB 662
CH3-CO-Cl
UNII-QD15RNO45K
EINECS 200-865-6
QD15RNO45K
BRN 0605303
Acetyl chloride-2-13C
MFCD00000719
DTXSID2023852
CHEBI:37580
EC 200-865-6
4-02-00-00395 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Acetyl chloride, reagent grade, 98%
UN1717
RCRA waste no. U006
acetylchlorid
acetylchlorine
ETHANOIC ACID CHLORIDE
Acetic Acid Chloride; Acetic Chloride; Ethanoyl Chloride; AcCl
acetyl chlorid
acetyl chlorine
acetyl choride
acetyl cloride
actyl chloride
Acteyl chloride
AcCl
Ac-Cl
methyl carbonyl chloride
Acetic acid monochloride
ACETIC ACID,CHLORIDE
ACETYL CHLORIDE [MI]
ACETYL CHLORIDE [HSDB]
DTXCID203852
Ethanoyl chloride;Acetylchloride
UN1717 (DOT)
BCP31842
PDA18679
STR00115
STL264238
AKOS000121189
DB14623
UN 1717
Acetyl chloride, for synthesis, 98.0%
BP-13326
InChI=1/C2H3ClO/c1-2(3)4/h1H
Acetyl chloride, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
A0082
NS00002086
EN300-18986
Acetyl chloride [UN1717] [Flammable liquid]
Acetyl chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (T)
Q408038
F2190-0010
200-865-6