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Tenofovir

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Identification
Molecular formula
C9H14N5O4P
CAS number
147127-20-6
IUPAC name
[5-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]-1,1,5,5-tetrafluoro-pentyl]phosphonic acid
State
State

Tenofovir is typically found as a solid at room temperature, appearing as a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is not volatile and is typically stable under standard temperature and pressure conditions, assuming there is no exposure to excess moisture or light, which can affect its stability slightly.

Melting point (Celsius)
180.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
453.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
78.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
351.15
General information
Molecular weight
287.21g/mol
Molar mass
287.2110g/mol
Density
2.2408g/cm3
Appearence

Tenofovir is typically observed as a white to off-white powder. It is a crystalline solid which may appear slightly hygroscopic. The compound is often provided in a stable, dry form to limit degradation from moisture. In pharmaceutical forms, it is usually found as part of a salt formulation such as Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, which is more stable and suitable for pharmaceutical preparations.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 5-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]-1,1,5,5-tetrafluoro-pentyl]phosphonic acid (C9H14N5O4P)

The solubility of 5-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]-1,1,5,5-tetrafluoro-pentyl]phosphonic acid is influenced by several key factors:

  • Polarity: This compound contains multiple functional groups, such as hydroxyl and phosphonic acid, which contribute to its polarity. As a result, it is expected to have good solubility in polar solvents like water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The presence of hydroxyl groups facilitates hydrogen bonding, enhancing the ability of the molecule to dissolve in aqueous solutions.
  • Concentration Effects: At different concentrations, solubility may vary significantly. A saturated solution could lead to limited solubility under certain conditions.
  • Temperature Influences: Like many compounds, solubility can increase with temperature. Warmer solvents may dissolve higher quantities of the compound due to increased molecular motion.

In summary, the solubility of this complex phosphonic acid is likely to be high in polar solvents, primarily due to its polar functional groups and the potential for extensive hydrogen bonding. However, specific solubility values would require empirical testing and are influenced by various factors, including pH and the presence of competing solutes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 5-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]-1,1,5,5-tetrafluoro-pentyl]phosphonic acid

This complex compound belongs to a class of phosphonic acids that have garnered significant interest in medicinal chemistry and biotechnology. Here are some intriguing points about this fascinating molecule:

  • Bioactivity: The structure of this compound suggests potential biological activity, particularly in the realm of nucleic acid interactions, which opens up avenues for drug development, especially in targeting specific pathways in cell signaling and gene expression.
  • Molecular Structure: The presence of both tetrahydrofuran and fluorinated alkyl groups provides exciting properties that may influence the compound's membrane permeability, potentially enhancing its bioavailability.
  • Phosphorylation Impact: The dual phosphorylation groups in its structure could contribute to the stability and reactivity of the molecule, as phosphorylated compounds often play critical roles in biochemical pathways, acting as signaling molecules.
  • Use in Research: Researchers are exploring similar phosphonic acid compounds for their applications in the development of antiviral agents, owing to their structural similarities with nucleosides.
  • Structure Activity Relationship (SAR): The intricate arrangement of functional groups allows chemists to study SAR, thereby understanding which modifications enhance efficacy or reduce toxicity in potential therapeutic applications.

Considering the ongoing research and development in the field, this compound represents not just a chemical entity but a potential catalyst for scientific breakthroughs in pharmacology and biochemistry.