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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

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Identification
Molecular formula
C10H16N5O13P3
CAS number
56-65-5
IUPAC name
[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-[[hydroxy-[hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl]oxy-phosphoryl]oxymethyl]tetrahydrofuran-3-yl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate
State
State

ATP is typically encountered as a solid in its pure form, but in biological contexts, it is most often in aqueous solution and is associated with various counterions. It exists commonly as part of cellular metabolic processes and is not typically encountered in gaseous form.

Melting point (Celsius)
0.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
0.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
507.18g/mol
Molar mass
507.1810g/mol
Density
1.5000g/cm3
Appearence

ATP is often found as a colorless crystalline solid. The compound is typically observed in a dry state as a white powder or in aqueous solutions as a colorless substance. Due to its role within biological systems, ATP is usually dealt with in solution where it is stabilized by the presence of Mg2+ ions.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-[[hydroxy-[hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl]oxy-phosphoryl]oxymethyl]tetrahydrofuran-3-yl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate (C10H16N5O13P3)

This compound exhibits a notable level of complexity in its solubility characteristics due to its intricate structure. As with many biochemical compounds, several factors play a significant role in determining solubility, such as polarity, the presence of functional groups, and the overall molecular weight.

Key points regarding the solubility of this compound include:

  • Highly Polar Nature: The presence of multiple phosphate and hydroxyl groups in the molecular structure typically increases its polarity, enhancing solubility in polar solvents like water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules contributes to solubility. The hydroxy and amine groups can interact readily with water, facilitating dissolution.
  • Influence of pH: Being a phosphate compound, solubility may vary with changes in pH, as protonation and deprotonation of functional groups can affect solubility and stability.
  • Temperature Dependence: Higher temperatures generally improve solubility for many compounds, though this behavior can vary significantly based on structural attributes.

In summary, while the precise solubility details may vary based on experimental conditions, the understanding of the structural features provides a solid foundation to anticipate its behavior in aqueous environments. As with many phosphonates, it is likely to be soluble in physiological conditions, reinforcing its relevance in biochemical applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-[[hydroxy-[hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl]oxy-phosphoryl]oxymethyl]tetrahydrofuran-3-yl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate

This complex compound is noteworthy for its role in biological processes, particularly in the realm of biochemistry and molecular biology. Here are some fascinating aspects:

  • Biological Significance: This compound is linked to nucleotides, which are the building blocks of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Its structure suggests potential roles in cellular processes like energy transfer and signaling.
  • Enzymatic Interactions: The intricate structure may interact with various enzymes that are crucial for nucleotide metabolism, indicating that it could be involved in critical biochemical reactions within the cell.
  • Phosphate Groups: The presence of multiple phosphate groups can influence the compound’s reactivity and stability, showcasing the importance of phosphorylation in regulatory mechanisms within biological systems.
  • Potential Drug Design: Its unique structural features make it a candidate for drug design, particularly in targeting specific biochemical pathways that may be dysregulated in diseases.
  • Research Implications: Due to its complexity, it can be a subject of extensive research, offering insights into the modifications of nucleotides and their functional implications in living organisms.

As noted by experts in the field, “Understanding such compounds is crucial for unraveling the mysteries of cellular function and disease mechanisms.” Future studies may provide deeper insights into the therapeutic potentials and applications of this compound in medicine.