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Coenzyme A

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Identification
Molecular formula
C21H36N7O16P3S
CAS number
85-61-0
IUPAC name
5-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-3-methyl-5-oxo-pent-3-enoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, Coenzyme A is typically found in a solid state. It is stable under normal conditions, but it must be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent degradation or absorption of moisture, as it is hygroscopic.

Melting point (Celsius)
197.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
470.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
630.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
903.15
General information
Molecular weight
767.53g/mol
Molar mass
767.5310g/mol
Density
0.2580g/cm3
Appearence

Coenzyme A (CoA) is typically found as a colorless to pale yellowish crystalline solid, often appearing as a powder. In its pure form, it might not present as a distinctive color but can form crystalline salts and hydrates that might have slight color variations. Coenzyme A is also hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from its environment.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 5-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-3-methyl-5-oxo-pent-3-enoic acid

The solubility of chemical compounds can greatly influence their functionality and applications. For this intricate compound, C21H36N7O16P3S, several factors must be considered:

  • Hydrophilicity vs. Hydrophobicity: The presence of multiple functional groups such as amines, hydroxyls, and phosphate esters suggests a high potential for hydrophilicity, leading to increased solubility in polar solvents like water.
  • Interactions with Solvents: Compounds containing ester and amine functionalities can engage in hydrogen bonding, improving their solubility in aqueous environments.
  • Molecular Weight Impact: With a relatively high molecular weight, the solubility might be limited in non-polar solvents due to steric hindrance and lower van der Waals forces.
  • pH Sensitivity: The esters and amines can vary in solubility based on the pH of the solution, signifying that environmental conditions could significantly alter solubility.

In conclusion, while the complexity of this compound hints at a diverse profile, it is likely to exhibit enhanced solubility in polar solvents, particularly water, while maintaining limited solubility in non-polar organic solvents. This could be crucial for determining its efficacy in various chemical reactions and biological applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 5-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-3-methyl-5-oxo-pent-3-enoic acid

This fascinating compound is a member of the vast world of organic molecules known as nucleotides, which play a vital role in biochemistry and molecular biology. Here are some compelling aspects of this compound:

  • Complex Structure: The molecular architecture of this compound is intricate, featuring multiple functional groups such as phosphates, amino groups, and a sulfur atom. This complexity allows for diverse interactions with other biomolecules.
  • Biological Significance: Given the presence of a 6-aminopurin-9-yl moiety, it is likely related to nucleobases, which are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
  • Pharmaceutical Potential: Similar compounds are often investigated for their therapeutic potential, particularly in the fields of cancer research and antiviral drug development, due to their ability to interact with nucleic acids.
  • Functionality of Phosphoryl Groups: The multiple phosphoryl groups present in this compound can confer high energy and facilitate various biochemical reactions, playing a crucial role in metabolism.
  • Solubility and Transport: The hydroxyl and amino groups increase its solubility in biological systems, which is vital for its transportation and function within living organisms.

As a chemistry student or scientist, diving deeper into the properties and potential applications of such compounds opens pathways to understanding critical biochemical processes. Engaging with the intricate relationships that these molecules foster can lead to breakthroughs in biotechnology and medicine.

Ultimately, the exploration of compounds like this one offers a glimpse into the complexity of life at the molecular level, illustrating the beauty and intricacy of chemical interactions that underpin biological phenomena.

Synonyms
5-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-3-methyl-5-oxopent-3-enoic acid
6247-73-0
3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA (achiral)
2,6-dimethyl-octa-2,6-dienedioic acid
Q2816002