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4-Nitrobenzoic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C7H5NO4
CAS number
62-23-7
IUPAC name
4-nitrobenzoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, 4-nitrobenzoic acid is a solid. It does not readily evaporate at standard conditions and maintains its crystalline structure when stored properly.

Melting point (Celsius)
237.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
510.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
167.12g/mol
Molar mass
0.0000g/mol
Density
1.6200g/cm3
Appearence

4-Nitrobenzoic acid is a light yellow crystalline solid. The compound typically appears as a powder and may show a slight off-white to pale yellow hue due to its nitro group, which is a common chromophore.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-Nitrobenzoic Acid (C7H5NO4)

4-Nitrobenzoic acid is recognized for its intriguing solubility characteristics, which can vary significantly depending on the conditions. Here are some key points about its solubility:

  • Solvent Polarity: 4-Nitrobenzoic acid exhibits greater solubility in polar solvents such as water compared to non-polar solvents. This is primarily due to the presence of the carboxylic acid group (-COOH), which can interact favorably with water molecules.
  • Temperature Influence: Solubility tends to increase with an increase in temperature. Therefore, warm water may dissolve more 4-nitrobenzoic acid than cold water.
  • pH Sensitivity: The solubility of 4-nitrobenzoic acid can also be affected by the pH of the solution; it generally becomes more soluble in basic solutions where it can deprotonate to form a carboxylate ion.
  • Solid State: In its solid state, 4-nitrobenzoic acid presents as a crystalline material, which may influence its solubility when considering particle size and surface area in solution.

In summary, while 4-nitrobenzoic acid is relatively soluble in water, its solubility can be influenced by factors such as temperature, solvent polarity, and pH. As highlighted, "Understanding these factors can offer insights into practical applications and reactions involving this compound."

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 4-Nitrobenzoic Acid

4-Nitrobenzoic acid is an intriguing aromatic compound that captures the attention of chemists for several reasons. Here are some fascinating aspects to consider:

  • Structural Importance: The presence of a nitro group (−NO2) at the para position relative to the carboxylic acid group (−COOH) makes this compound a vital subject in the study of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.
  • Synthesis: 4-Nitrobenzoic acid can be synthesized through the nitration of benzoic acid. This reaction showcases the electrophilic nature of the nitronium ion (NO2+), which is essential in many organic reactions.
  • Applications: This compound finds use in various fields, including:
    • Organic chemistry as a building block for synthesizing other compounds.
    • In the manufacture of dyes and pigments due to its colored derivatives.
    • As a reagent in the development of new drugs and pharmaceuticals.
  • Biological Activity: Some studies suggest that 4-nitrobenzoic acid may possess antimicrobial properties, making it a candidate for research in microbiology and pharmacology.
  • Environmental Considerations: As with many nitro compounds, it is essential to consider the environmental impact of its use and potential degradation products. Researchers are investigating the stability and toxicity of such compounds in various settings.

4-Nitrobenzoic acid demonstrates the intersection of chemistry with practical applications while also posing questions about safety and environmental responsibility. Its significance in both academia and industry cannot be understated, making it a noteworthy compound in chemical research.

Synonyms
4-NITROBENZOIC ACID
p-Nitrobenzoic acid
62-23-7
Benzoic acid, 4-nitro-
Nitrodracylic acid
4-Nitrodracylic acid
1-Carboxy-4-nitrobenzene
p-Nitrobenzenecarboxylic acid
4-Nitro-benzoic acid
Kyselina p-nitrobenzoova
Benzoic acid, p-nitro-
p-Nitrodracylic acid
NSC 7707
para-nitrobenzoic acid
MFCD00007352
CCRIS 1185
HSDB 2140
Kyselina p-nitrobenzoova [Czech]
UNII-G83NWR61OW
EINECS 200-526-2
G83NWR61OW
p-Carboxynitrobenzene
DTXSID3020966
AI3-00149
CHEBI:262350
NSC-7707
DTXCID90966
CHEMBL101263
EC 200-526-2
4-NITROBENZOIC ACID [USP-RS]
4-NITROBENZOIC-2,6-D2 ACID
4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
4-NITROBENZOIC ACID (USP-RS)
CAS-62-23-7
4-Nitrobenzoicacid
p-nitro benzoic acid
4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY)
pNitrobenzoic acid
p-nitro-benzoicacid
4NB
4Nitrodracylic acid
p-nitro-benzoic acid
1Carboxy4nitrobenzene
Benzoic acid, pnitro
4-Nitro benzoic acid
Benzoic acid, 4nitro
Kyselina pnitrobenzoova
4-Nitrodr acylic acid
para-Carboxynitrobenzene
WLN: WNR DVQ
pNitrobenzenecarboxylic acid
4-Nitrobenzoic acid, 98%
SCHEMBL43476
4-Nitrobenzenecarboxylic acid
PARA NITROBENZOIC ACID
MLS002454442
KYSELINA-P-NITROBENZOOVA
SCHEMBL15630318
NSC7707
HMS3041D05
HY-Y0607
STR01385
Tox21_201258
Tox21_300131
BDBM50405310
STL168880
4-Nitrobenzoic acid, puriss., 99%
AKOS000118872
AKOS015831344
AKOS024268501
CS-W020075
FN30591
PB43175
KYSELINA-P-NITROBENZOOVA (CZECH)
NCGC00091607-01
NCGC00091607-02
NCGC00091607-03
NCGC00091607-04
NCGC00253917-01
NCGC00258810-01
AC-10993
BP-30196
PD033171
SMR001252222
SY002161
N0156
NS00015670
EN300-18011
C18625
D70606
4-Nitrobenzoic acid, purum, >=98.0% (HPLC)
AE-562/40227261
4-Nitrobenzoic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Q2823227
Z57127484
F2191-0089
4-Nitrobenzoic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
200-526-2