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4-Chlorobenzoic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C7H5ClO2
CAS number
74-11-3
IUPAC name
4-chlorobenzoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, 4-Chlorobenzoic acid is in a solid state. It typically forms stable and fine crystalline structures, making it a solid at standard conditions.

Melting point (Celsius)
241.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
514.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
315.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
588.15
General information
Molecular weight
156.57g/mol
Molar mass
156.5700g/mol
Density
1.5400g/cm3
Appearence

4-Chlorobenzoic acid appears as a white crystalline solid. It is characterized by its needle-like crystals, which are typical when the compound is found in its pure form. This compound does not have any distinct odor.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-chlorobenzoic acid (C7H5ClO2)

4-chlorobenzoic acid is known to exhibit interesting solubility characteristics, which are influenced by its molecular structure and functional groups. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Solvent Dependence: 4-chlorobenzoic acid tends to be more soluble in polar solvents such as water and ethanol compared to non-polar solvents. This is predominantly due to the presence of the carboxylic acid group (-COOH), which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
  • Temperature Influence: The solubility of 4-chlorobenzoic acid can increase with temperature. As temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, potentially allowing for better solvation and interaction with solvent molecules.
  • pH Effects: The solubility is also pH-dependent. In alkaline conditions, 4-chlorobenzoic acid can deprotonate to form a carboxylate ion, which is generally more soluble in water compared to its neutral form.
  • Crystallization: In contrast, at lower temperatures or in less polar solvents, 4-chlorobenzoic acid can readily crystallize, indicating a decreased solubility under these conditions.

In summary, the solubility of 4-chlorobenzoic acid can be described as moderate in water, significantly influenced by factors such as temperature, solvent type, and pH. Understanding these properties is crucial for applications in chemical synthesis and analysis.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 4-Chlorobenzoic Acid

4-Chlorobenzoic acid is a fascinating aromatic carboxylic acid that has garnered attention in various fields of chemistry and industry. Here are some key points that highlight its significance:

  • Structural Diversity: This compound belongs to the family of benzoic acids, characterized by the presence of a chlorine substituent at the 4 position on the benzene ring. This unique positioning influences its chemical reactivity and properties, making it an important intermediate in organic synthesis.
  • Applications in Synthesis: 4-Chlorobenzoic acid serves as a versatile building block in the synthesis of numerous pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. Its chlorinated structure can be manipulated to produce a range of derivatives with different biological activities.
  • Biological Activity: Many derivatives of 4-chlorobenzoic acid have been studied for potential antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Research into its biological effects has opened avenues for new medical applications.
  • Role as a Precursor: It acts as a precursor in the synthesis of various compounds like pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and plasticizers, showcasing its relevance in industrial applications.
  • Environmental Considerations: As with many chlorinated compounds, 4-chlorobenzoic acid's environmental impact is a topic of research. Understanding its degradation pathways is crucial for assessing its persistence in ecological systems.

In summary, 4-chlorobenzoic acid is much more than just a simple chemical compound; its unique structure and the resulting properties make it a pivotal component in various chemical processes and applications. Its continued study will undoubtedly unveil even more intriguing aspects of its behavior and utility in both synthetic chemistry and biological research.

Synonyms
4-Chlorobenzoic acid
74-11-3
P-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID
Benzoic acid, 4-chloro-
Chlorodracylic acid
p-Chlorbenzoic acid
Benzoic acid, p-chloro-
4-CHLORO-BENZOIC ACID
para-Chlorobenzoic acid
p-Carboxychlorobenzene
Acido p-clorobenzoico
MFCD00002531
CCRIS 5994
Acido p-clorobenzoico [Italian]
HSDB 6019
EINECS 200-805-9
UNII-IC7888DF4L
NSC 32738
BRN 0907196
DTXSID9024772
CHEBI:30747
4-chloro benzoic acid
AI3-03715
NSC-32738
CHLOROBENZOIC ACID, P-
DTXCID704772
IC7888DF4L
4-chlorobenzoic acid-alpha-13c
P-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID [MI]
chloradracylic
4-09-00-00973 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
P-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID [HSDB]
P-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID [WHO-DD]
NCGC00090858-02
ACEMETACIN IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
INDOMETACIN IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
4-Chlorobenzoicacid
ACEMETACIN IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY)
INDOMETACIN IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY)
p-chlorbenzoate
pChlorbenzoic acid
4-chloro-benzoate
4chlorobenzoic acid
Acido pclorobenzoico
pCarboxychlorobenzene
Acemetacin impurity A
paraChlorobenzoic acid
Benzoic acid, pchloro
Benzoic acid, 4chloro
bmse000438
CHEMBL618
NCIOpen2_004782
S3 (4-chlorobenzoic acid)
SCHEMBL28384
4-Chlorobenzoic acid, 99%
MLS002152923
NSC8444
CS-M3680
NSC-8444
NSC32738
STR00110
p-Chlorobenzoic acid;4-CBA;Mycosid
Tox21_400062
BDBM50405318
STL164311
AKOS000118962
DB03728
FC20194
PS-4074
CAS-74-11-3
NCGC00090858-01
NCGC00090858-03
4-Chlorobenzoic acid, analytical standard
HY-41465
SMR001224523
SY002326
DB-055838
NS00006929
EN300-19258
C02370
D77513
AE-562/40168810
Q2235989
SR-01000855009-2
4-Chlorobenzoic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
F2191-0096
Z104473324
Acemetacin impurity A, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
695-032-0