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Coenzyme A

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Identification
Molecular formula
C21H36N7O16P3S
CAS number
85-61-0
IUPAC name
4-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid
State
State

Coenzyme A is in a solid state at room temperature. It is commonly used in biochemical laboratories and is found within the cell in this state. When handled, it should be protected from light and moisture to maintain its stability.

Melting point (Celsius)
0.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
0.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
767.53g/mol
Molar mass
767.5320g/mol
Density
0.3400g/cm3
Appearence

Coenzyme A typically appears as a white to off-white amorphous powder. It is generally odorless. The compound is hygroscopic and should be protected from moisture.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid

The solubility of 4-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid (C21H36N7O16P3S) can be quite complex due to its unique structure, which includes multiple functional groups that influence its interaction with solvents.

Key points regarding its solubility include:

  • Polarity: The presence of various hydroxyl groups (–OH) and phosphate groups (–PO42-) suggests that the compound is likely to be quite polar, enhancing its solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrophilicity: The amino and phosphonyl functionalities contribute to potential hydrogen bonding with water molecules, further supporting solubility in aqueous environments.
  • Nonpolar Characteristics: Despite its polar features, certain parts of the molecule may interact less favorably with very polar solvents. This could result in limited solubility in nonpolar solvents.
  • Concentration Effects: As with many complex compounds, the solubility may vary significantly with concentration, temperature, and the presence of other substances in solution.

In conclusion, while the intricate structure of this compound suggests good solubility in polar solvents, specific empirical measurements would provide the most precise insights into its solubility behavior across different conditions. As such, solubility studies are essential for understanding its practical applications in various fields.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 4-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid

This complex compound, featuring multiple functional groups, offers a fascinating glimpse into the world of biochemical interactions and medicinal applications. Here are some key points to consider:

  • Biological Relevance: Due to the presence of 6-aminopurine, a structural analog of adenine, this compound may exhibit important roles in nucleic acid metabolism, potentially influencing DNA and RNA synthesis.
  • Phosphorylation Sites: The compound includes multiple hydroxyl and phosphonate groups, making it a prime candidate for studying enzyme interactions, particularly those related to phosphatase and kinase activity.
  • Sulfhydryl Groups: The presence of a sulfhydryl (–SH) group allows for redox chemistry, enabling it to participate in cellular signaling and biochemical pathways that involve oxidation-reduction reactions.
  • Mechanistic Insight: Compounds like this one are often designed to mimic natural substrates, providing insight into cellular mechanisms and helping in the development of targeted therapies for diseases such as cancer.
  • Potential Therapeutic Uses: The intricate structure suggests potential applications in drug design, where modifications can lead to novel therapeutics that could inhibit specific enzymes or pathways involved in disease progression.
  • Synthesis and Stability: The complexity of this compound may pose challenges in synthetic chemistries, but it also offers a platform for exploring innovative methods in medicinal chemistry.

In summary, this compound is a testament to the intricate relationship between chemical structure and biological function. As we explore new avenues in medicinal chemistry, understanding compounds like this one provides vital insights that can drive the development of next-generation therapeutics.

Synonyms
Malyl-coenzyme A
Coenzyme A, malyl-
2043-93-8
4-[2-[3-[[4-[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethylsulfanyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid
malyl-CoA
Coenzyme A, S-(3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoate)
DTXSID50862817
NS00121942
1-[5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]-3,5,9,21-tetrahydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-3,5,10,14,19-pentaoxo-2,4,6-trioxa-18-thia-11,15-diaza-3lambda~5~,5lambda~5~-diphosphadocosan-22-oic acid