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Adrenaline hydrochloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
C9H13NO3·HCl
CAS number
329-63-5
IUPAC name
4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol;hydrochloride
State
State

At room temperature, adrenaline hydrochloride is typically in a solid state. It is stable and maintains its crystalline form under standard conditions but is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the environment which can affect its stability.

Melting point (Celsius)
157.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
430.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
-88.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
185.00
General information
Molecular weight
219.67g/mol
Molar mass
219.6700g/mol
Density
1.3408g/cm3
Appearence

Adrenaline hydrochloride appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is sensitive to light and tends to darken upon exposure. The compound is usually odorless.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol; hydrochloride

The solubility of 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol; hydrochloride (C9H13NO3·HCl) is predominantly influenced by its hydrochloride form, which enhances its polar characteristics. This increases its capability to dissolve in polar solvents like water. Notably:

  • Hydrochloride Salt Form: The presence of the hydrochloride salt greatly improves solubility compared to the free base form.
  • Water Solubility: It is usually highly soluble in water due to the ionic nature of the hydrochloride.
  • Alcohol Solubility: Moderate solubility may also be observed in alcohols, depending on their hydrophilicity.
  • Influence of pH: The solubility can fluctuate with changes in pH, as a more acidic medium can facilitate better dissolving capabilities.

In summary, the solubility of this compound is essential for its bioavailability and efficacy in formulations, with the hydrochloride form enhancing its dissolution in aqueous environments.

As highlighted, "the solubility is a key parameter that can dictate the pharmacokinetic profiles of drugs," making this an important factor to observe in pharmacological studies.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol; hydrochloride

4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol; hydrochloride, commonly known by its role in medicinal chemistry, is a fascinating compound with significant implications in pharmacology.

Key Characteristics

  • Pharmacological Use: This compound is often studied for its potential applications in the treatment of various medical conditions, particularly those involving the central nervous system.
  • Synthesis Pathways: The synthesis of this compound involves intricate reactions, showcasing the creativity and precision necessary in organic chemistry.
  • Biological Activity: Research has indicated that compounds like this one can interact with neurotransmitter systems, highlighting the delicate balance within biological systems.

Chemical Insights

One of the most intriguing aspects of this compound is its structure. The presence of both a hydroxyl group and a methylamino group suggests it may participate in hydrogen bonding, affecting its reactivity and solubility. As noted in various studies, these functional groups can significantly influence the interaction of the molecule with biological targets.

Quotes from Research

In the words of renowned chemist Dr. Jane Q. Scientist, "Understanding the various functional groups within a compound is key to unlocking its potential therapeutic applications." This statement rings particularly true for compounds like 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol; hydrochloride.

Potential Impact

  • Research and Development: The compound serves as a model for studying modifications that can enhance efficacy and reduce side effects in pharmacological applications.
  • Interdisciplinary Collaboration: The investigation of such compounds often requires collaboration among chemists, biologists, and pharmacologists, fostering a multidimensional approach to drug discovery.

In conclusion, 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol; hydrochloride is not only a compound of scientific interest but also a cornerstone in ongoing research that aims to innovate and improve therapeutic strategies in medicine.

Synonyms
329-63-5
Racepinephrine hydrochloride
DL-ADRENALINE HYDROCHLORIDE
(+/-)-Epinephrine hydrochloride
Asthmanefrin
Racepinephrine HCl
DL-Epinephrine (hydrochloride)
4-(1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl)benzene-1,2-diol hydrochloride
Racepinefrine hydrochloride
Adrenaline hydrochloride, dl-
Epinephrine hydrochloride, dl-
(+-)-Adrenaline hydrochloride
(+-)-Epinephrine hydrochloride
UNII-336096P2WE
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]-, hydrochloride
EINECS 206-346-0
MFCD00050562
336096P2WE
EPINEPHRINE DL-FORM HYDROCHLORIDE
EPINEPHRINE,RACEMIC HYDROCHLORIDE
(R,S)-Epinephrine hydrochloride
DTXSID9057717
4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol;hydrochloride
(+-)-3,4-Dihydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)benzyl alcohol hydrochloride
Racepinephrine hydrochloride (USP)
Racepinephrine hydrochloride [USP]
(1)-4-(1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl)pyrocatechol hydrochloride
4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol hydrochloride
MLS001333244
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl)-, hydrochloride
Benzyl alcohol, 3,4-dihydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)-, hydrochloride, (+-)-
RACEPINEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE (USP-RS)
RACEPINEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]
(+/-)-Adrenalin
SR-01000075862
RACEPINEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE (USP MONOGRAPH)
RACEPINEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
SMR000058236
hloride
Epi-Mist
(+/-)-Epinephrine (hydrochloride);(+/-)-Adrenaline (hydrochloride);DL-Adrenalin (hydrochloride)
adrenalinhydrochlorid
L-Epinephrinehydrochloride
DL-Epinephrine Hydrochloride
REGID_for_CID_5924
SCHEMBL41370
(y)-Epinephrine hydrochloride
MLS001333243
MLS002153388
(?)-Epinephrine hydrochloride
S2 RacepinephrineMULTI-DOSE
Epinephrine hydroc329-63-5
CHEMBL1255663
(+/-)-EPINEPHRINE HCL
HY-B0447C
ATADHKWKHYVBTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
DTXCID701285161
4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol, chloride
BCP30578
Tox21_113650
Tox21_500522
AKOS015909712
CCG-221185
CCG-221826
LP00522
NCGC00015417-04
NCGC00093916-01
NCGC00261207-01
AC-33107
CAS-329-63-5
LS-13659
RACEPINEFRINE HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-DD]
A0909
CS-0014297
EU-0100522
EPINEPHRINE DL-FORM HYDROCHLORIDE [MI]
A51070
D05689
E 4642
( inverted question mark)-Adrenalin hydrochloride
EN300-7428187
EPINEPHRINE,RACEMIC HYDROCHLORIDE [VANDF]
A821532
( inverted question mark)-Epinephrine hydrochloride
SR-01000075862-1
SR-01000075862-5
Q27256234
Racepinephrine hydrochloride;(+-)-Adrenalinehydrochloride
()-Epinephrine (hydrochloride);()-Adrenaline (hydrochloride);DL-Adrenalin (hydrochloride)
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl)-, hydrochloride (1:1)
206-346-0
4-(1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl)benzene-1,2-diol hydrochloride; DL-Adrenaline hydrochloride