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Adenosine triphosphate

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Identification
Molecular formula
C10H16N5O13P3
CAS number
56-65-5
IUPAC name
[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate
State
State

At room temperature, adenosine triphosphate often exists in its solid state. As a biochemical compound, it is typically stored in an aqueous solution where it is stable under controlled conditions. ATP is crucial in energy transfer within cells and usually exists in living organisms dissolved in cytoplasm, interstitial fluid, or other cellular fluids.

Melting point (Celsius)
94.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
367.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
100.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
373.15
General information
Molecular weight
507.18g/mol
Molar mass
507.1810g/mol
Density
1.5000g/cm3
Appearence

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) typically appears as a white, crystalline powder. It is often odorless and has a slightly bitter taste. In its pure form, ATP is usually stable, but it may degrade when exposed to moisture and heat. ATP is soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents, which is crucial for its role in biological systems.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl phosphono hydrogen phosphate

The solubility of complex compounds like [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl phosphono hydrogen phosphate can be affected by various factors. Generally, some key points to consider include:

  • Polarity: The presence of hydroxyl (-OH) and phosphoryl (-PO₄) groups suggests a level of polarity, which often increases solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: Functional groups capable of hydrogen bonding, like -OH and -NH₂, can lead to favorable interactions with solvent molecules, enhancing solubility.
  • pH Sensitivity: The solubility may also vary with pH, especially given the presence of acidic or basic functional groups that could ionize.

In summary, the solubility of this compound is likely influenced by its molecular structure, particularly:

  • **The degree of hydration** that can occur due to its numerous functional groups.
  • **Interactions with solvents**, where polar solvents are expected to better dissolve this compound compared to non-polar solvents.

Thus, understanding the solubility of this compound provides insight into its potential applications and behavior in chemical and biological systems.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about (2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate

This compound, often referred to as a nucleoside analog, plays a significant role in biochemistry due to its structural similarity to natural nucleotides. Here are some captivating insights:

  • Nucleic Acid Composition: As a purine derivative, this compound has important implications in the study of DNA and RNA structures. Nucleoside analogs like this one can influence the synthesis and integrity of nucleic acids.
  • Drug Development: Many nucleoside analogs are explored for their potential as antiviral or anticancer agents. This compound's unique structure may allow it to interact with enzymes like polymerases, leading to therapeutic applications.
  • Enzymatic Interactions: The specific hydroxyl and phosphonate groups within the structure can provide insight into how the compound interacts with biological molecules. These interactions could potentially inhibit or modulate enzyme activity.
  • Research Applications: Scientists often utilize structural variations of nucleosides in molecular biology research to understand drug resistance and metabolic pathways in cells.
  • Complexity in Design: The stereochemistry of this compound, indicated by its chiral centers, highlights the importance of three-dimensional arrangements in biological activity, which can lead to vastly different biological outcomes.

In summary, the compound's fascinating structural features not only invite scientific exploration but also offer potential pathways for novel therapeutic strategies, illustrating the critical interface between chemistry and biology.