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Sucrose

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Identification
Molecular formula
C12H22O11
CAS number
57-50-1
IUPAC name
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol
State
State

At room temperature, sucrose is in a solid state as a crystalline powder. It is soluble in water, forming clear solutions at concentrations up to around 2000 g/L at 25°C.

Melting point (Celsius)
186.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
459.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
691.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
964.15
General information
Molecular weight
342.30g/mol
Molar mass
342.2960g/mol
Density
1.5870g/cm3
Appearence

Sucrose appears as a white, odorless, crystalline powder. It is often granulated and is commonly known as table sugar or just "sugar" in everyday language.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol

The compound with the formula C12H22O11 exhibits interesting solubility characteristics. Understanding its solubility can provide significant insights into its potential applications and interactions in various environments. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Highly Soluble in Water: The presence of multiple hydroxyl groups (-OH) contributes to a high degree of hydrogen bonding with water molecules, leading to excellent solubility.
  • Moderate Solubility in Organic Solvents: Its structure may also allow for some solubility in less polar organic solvents, although the solubility may not be as extensive as in water.
  • Temperature Dependence: Like many compounds, solubility may increase with temperature, indicating that warmer conditions could enhance its dissolving capability.
  • pH Influence: The solubility might also be affected by the pH of the solution, especially if the compound can ionize under varying pH levels.

In conclusion, due to its high hydroxyl content, this compound is primarily soluble in polar solvents such as water, which can facilitate its use in various biochemical and pharmaceutical applications. The solubility profile can significantly impact the compound's effectiveness and availability in different systems.

Interesting facts

Exploring (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol

This fascinating compound belongs to the family of carbohydrates, specifically glycosides that play a critical role in various biological processes. Known for their structural complexity and diverse functional groups, compounds like this one possess unique properties that contribute to their significance in both nature and synthetic chemistry.

Key Interesting Facts

  • Natural Occurrence: This type of compound is likely found in various natural sources, such as plants and bacteria, where it can participate in metabolic pathways.
  • Biological Function: Conjugated with sugar moieties, glycosides are crucial for cellular signaling and protective mechanisms in organisms.
  • Potential Applications: Due to their unique structural features, they have potential in pharmaceutical development, particularly in creating targeted drug delivery systems.
  • Chirality Significance: The stereochemistry indicated by the (R) and (S) notations plays a vital role in determining the compound's biological activity, as different enantiomers can exhibit drastically different effects.
  • Synthesis Challenges: Creating compounds with such complex structures is a significant challenge in organic synthesis, requiring advanced techniques in stereoselective synthesis.

“The beauty of chemistry lies not only in studying substances but in unraveling their intricacies.” This compound highlights the interconnectedness of structure and function in chemistry, serving as an essential reminder of the complexity that underpins even the simplest forms of life.

In summary, the study of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol not only enhances our understanding of carbohydrate chemistry but also paves the way for future innovations in medical and biochemical research.

Synonyms
lactose
beta-D-Lactose
beta-Lactose
D-Lactose
Milk sugar
4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranose
(+)-Lactose
.beta.-Lactose
4-(beta-D-Galactosido)-D-glucose
beta-D-Glucopyranose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-
D-(+)-Lactose
4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose
D-Glucose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl
Lactose [JAN]
5965-66-2
Lactose anhydrous
EINECS 227-751-9
Galbeta1-4Glcbeta
Lactobiose
Galb1-4Glcb
Lactin
UNII-13Q3A43E0S
Saccharum lactin
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
Fast-flo Lactose
Beta-d-lactose, with 30% alfa
13Q3A43E0S
Aletobiose
beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranose
Galactinum
Tablettose
DTXSID2023193
DTXSID5058723
CHEBI:36218
Zeparox EP
Lactose Fast-flo
Pharmatose 21
beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp
Lactin (carbohydrate)
beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose
Osmolactan
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol
Super-Tab
Tablettose 70
Tablettose 80
Lactosum anhydricum
Pharmatose 325M
.beta.-D-Lactose
Sorbalac 400
Flowlac 100
Pharmatosa DCL 21
(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-(((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4-triol
LAT
ss-Lactose
beta -lactose
Lactose, beta-
1gwv
1gzc
2zgm
lactosum , anhydrous
MFCD00064521
Lactose (8CI)
B-LACTOSE - MIN 70% B-ANOMER
1ax1
1z3v
2nn8
4-O-(b-D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranose
DTXCID403193
DTXCID50196482
Tox21_301866
BDBM50370453
beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-beta-D-Glc
AKOS015950662
HY-W150340
OL15748
CAS-63-42-3
NCGC00255383-01
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol
AS-87526
.beta.-D-Gal-(1-->4)-.beta.-D-Glc
DB-229978
CS-0206827
NS00083021
820 - Lactose (low levels) - Food products
C01970
D-Glucose, 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl- (9CI)
F71297
EN300-7536191
Q127900
4-O-(beta-D-Galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranose
beta-Lactose, suitable for component for culture media
beta-D-Lactose, contains ca. 70% beta and ca. 30% alpha
60B85732-763B-4E21-BD67-6163315FD251
beta-Lactose, <=30% alpha-anomer basis, >=99% total lactose basis
WURCS=2.0/2,2,1/(a2122h-1b_1-5)(a2112h-1b_1-5)/1-2/a4-b1
(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4-triol
(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxane-2,3,4-triol
227-751-9