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Citric acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H8O7
CAS number
77-92-9
IUPAC name
2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid
State
State

The compound is typically found in a solid state at room temperature.

Melting point (Celsius)
153.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
426.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
310.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
583.00
General information
Molecular weight
192.12g/mol
Molar mass
192.1240g/mol
Density
1.6620g/cm3
Appearence

Citric acid appears as a white crystalline powder. It can sometimes be found in a granular form but still retains a white to off-white color. It is highly soluble in water, which gives it a slightly sour taste.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid

2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (C6H8O7), commonly known as citric acid, is well-known for its solubility in water, which is a key characteristic that facilitates its wide range of applications. Here are some important points regarding its solubility:

  • Highly Soluble: Citric acid is highly soluble in water, typically dissolving at a concentration of around 1330 g/L at room temperature.
  • Temperature Dependence: The solubility of citric acid increases with temperature, allowing for greater concentrations in heated solutions.
  • pH Influence: Its solubility is affected by pH, as it exists in different ionic forms; at lower pH levels, it remains predominantly in its acid form, enhancing solubility.
  • Applications: Given its solubility, citric acid is extensively used in the food and beverage industry, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

In conclusion, the solubility characteristics of 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid play a crucial role in its functionality and utility across various industries. Its ability to dissolve in water makes it an essential compound worth exploring further.

Interesting facts

Exploring 2-Hydroxy-4-Oxo-Butane-1,2,4-Tricarboxylic Acid

2-Hydroxy-4-oxo-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, commonly known as citric acid, is a fascinating compound with a variety of applications and importance in both nature and industry. This organic acid plays a crucial role in the biochemistry of living organisms.

Key Facts and Insights:

  • Biological Role: Citric acid is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or TCA cycle), which is essential for energy production in aerobic organisms.
  • Natural Occurrence: Found in citrus fruits, citric acid accounts for their sour taste. Lemons and limes contain particularly high concentrations of this compound.
  • Industrial Uses: Beyond its biological significance, citric acid is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a preservative, flavoring agent, and pH stabilizer. It also has applications in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
  • Complex Formation: Citric acid can chelate metal ions, meaning it can form stable complexes with metals, which is beneficial in various chemical processes and environmental applications.
  • Biodegradable Properties: As a naturally occurring substance, citric acid is biodegradable, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic acids.

Overall, 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid is not only an important biochemical player but also a versatile compound with significant industrial relevance. It exemplifies how a simple organic molecule can have profound implications in both nature and technology.

Synonyms
2-hydroxy-4-oxobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid
4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipic acid
CHEBI:17250
4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate
4-hydroxy-4-carboxymethyl-2-oxoglutaric acid
C04115
SCHEMBL126390
LMFA01050481
2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-adipic acid
Q27102285