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acetone cyanohydrin

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Identification
Molecular formula
C4H7NO
CAS number
75-86-5
IUPAC name
2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile
State
State

At room temperature, acetone cyanohydrin is a liquid. It is volatile and can release toxic vapors, particularly hydrogen cyanide, when exposed to air. Handling requires precautions to avoid inhalation or contact with skin.

Melting point (Celsius)
-20.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
253.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
82.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
355.15
General information
Molecular weight
85.10g/mol
Molar mass
85.1040g/mol
Density
0.9323g/cm3
Appearence

Acetone cyanohydrin is typically a colorless liquid with a faint, characteristic odor. It is usually stable under normal conditions but can decompose slowly, releasing toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which would impart a bitter almond odor due to its presence.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile

2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile, also known by its common name, is an intriguing compound when it comes to its solubility characteristics. The solubility of this molecule can be influenced by various factors, including the presence of functional groups and the overall molecular structure.

Key Solubility Traits:

  • Polarity: Due to the –OH (hydroxyl) group, the compound exhibits polar characteristics, which generally enhances its solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules significantly increases its solubility, making it more soluble in aqueous solutions.
  • Hydrophobic Interactions: The presence of the nitrile group however might introduce some hydrophobic characteristics, influencing solubility in non-polar solvents.

In conclusion, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile is expected to be moderately soluble in water, while its solubility in non-polar solvents may be limited. This dual solubility behavior makes it an interesting compound for various chemical applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile

2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile, also known as cyanoisobutanol, is a fascinating organic compound with several intriguing applications and features:

  • Versatile Precursor: This compound serves as an important precursor in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its unique structure allows for diverse chemical transformations.
  • Functional Group Diversity: The presence of both a hydroxyl (-OH) group and a nitrile (-CN) group makes it a versatile building block in organic synthesis, allowing chemists to explore a range of reactivity and functionalization pathways.
  • Research Relevance: Compounds like 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile are often studied in materials science and medicinal chemistry. Its properties can influence the behavior of biological systems and materials.
  • Safety Aspect: As with many organic compounds containing nitrile groups, safety handling is crucial. It is essential to be aware of its potential toxicity and to follow proper laboratory protocols when working with it.
  • Chiral Center: This compound has a chiral center, leading to a possibility of existing in enantiomeric forms. Such properties are vital for developing efficient and selective pharmaceutical agents.

As a compound with a balance of functional groups, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile represents the intriguing complexity of organic chemistry. Its applications and properties continue to inspire research across various scientific disciplines, paving the way for innovative solutions and discoveries.

Synonyms
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile
75-86-5
Acetone cyanhydrin
2-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile
2-Methyllactonitrile
2-Cyano-2-propanol
alpha-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile
Acetoncyanhydrin
2-Cyano-2-hydroxypropane
Acetoncianidrina
Acetonkyanhydrin
2-Propanone, cyanohydrin
Lactonitrile, 2-methyl-
Propanenitrile, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-
Acetoncianhidrinei
Acetoncyaanhydrine
Acetonecyanhydrine
Cyanhydrine d'acetone
USAF RH-8
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropionitrile
RCRA waste number P069
.alpha.-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile
Acetonkyanhydrin [Czech]
Acetoncyanhydrin [German]
Acetoncianidrina [Italian]
Acetoncyaanhydrine [Dutch]
Acetonecyanhydrine [French]
Acetoncianhidrinei [Romanian]
Acetone cyanohydrin, stabilized
CCRIS 4657
HSDB 971
a-hydroxyisobutyronitrile
Cyanhydrine d'acetone [French]
NSC 131093
CO1YOV1KFI
RCRA waste no. P069
acetone-cyanohydrin
EINECS 200-909-4
UN1541
BRN 0605391
2-Cyanopropan-2-ol
DTXSID7025427
CHEBI:15348
2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionitrile
AI3-04257
2-hydroxy-2-cyanopropane
NSC-131093
DTXCID705427
2-methyl-2-hydroxypropionitrile
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN [MI]
EC 200-909-4
4-03-00-00785 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Acetoncianhidrinei (Romanian)
WLN: QX1&1&CN
ACETONKYANHYDRIN (CZECH)
ACETONCYANHYDRIN (GERMAN)
ACETONCIANIDRINA (ITALIAN)
ACETONCYAANHYDRINE (DUTCH)
ACETONECYANHYDRINE (FRENCH)
acetoncyanhydrine
Acetonecyanohydrin
CYANHYDRINE D'ACETONE (FRENCH)
CAS-75-86-5
UNII-CO1YOV1KFI
2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPANENITRILE\(ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN)
2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPANENITRILE\{ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN}
2Cyano2propanol
aceton cyanohydrin
2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile
acetone cyanhydrine
2Methyllactonitrile
acetone cyanohydrine
acetone-cyanohydrine
acetone cyano-hydrin
Cyanohydrin2propanone
MFCD00004455
2-Methyl-lactonitrile
p-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile
alphaHydroxyisobutyronitrile
2-METHYLACTONITRILE
Acetone cyanohydrin, 99%
2Hydroxy2methylpropionitrile
Acetone cyanohydrin (ACGIH)
NSC977
CHEMBL1231861
DIMETHYLKETONE CYANOHYDRIN
2-Methyl-2-hydroxypropanenitrile
2-Hydroxy-2-methyl propionitrile
NSC-977
NSC7080
2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane nitrile
2-methyl-2-oxidanyl-propanenitrile
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile #
ALPHA-HYDROXY ISOBUTRONITRILE
NSC-7080
Tox21_201490
Tox21_303256
BBL011349
NSC131093
STL146439
ACETONCIANHIDRINEI (ROUMANIAN)
AKOS000118890
DB02203
UN 1541
NCGC00249054-01
NCGC00257016-01
NCGC00259041-01
PROPANENITRILE, 2-HYRODXY-2-METHYL
M0361
NS00001430
EN300-19189
C02659
A838531
Q222936
Acetone cyanohydrin, stabilized [UN1541] [Poison]
F1908-0094
200-909-4