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Tyrosine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C9H11NO3
CAS number
60-18-4
IUPAC name
2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, tyrosine is a solid. It is moderately soluble in water and serves as an important building block in protein synthesis. Tyrosine is also used by cells to synthesize protein, thus evident in its prevalence in many high-protein foods like cheese and meats.

Melting point (Celsius)
343.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
616.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
306.07
Boiling point (Kelvin)
579.22
General information
Molecular weight
181.19g/mol
Molar mass
181.1910g/mol
Density
1.4601g/cm3
Appearence

Tyrosine typically appears as fine white crystalline powder. It is relatively odorless and is known for its slight sweetness. However, in some forms, such as its hydrochloride or methyl ester hydrochloride, slight variations in color and texture can occur.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic acid (C9H11NO3)

This compound exhibits interesting solubility properties that are influenced by its molecular structure. With both hydrophilic (-NH2 and -OH) and hydrophobic (the aromatic ring) characteristics, the solubility can vary significantly depending on the solvent used. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Water Solubility: The presence of amino and hydroxy groups enhances its capacity to interact with water molecules, making it soluble in polar solvents.
  • Organic Solubility: It may have limited solubility in non-polar organic solvents due to its hydrophilic sites that prefer interactions with water.
  • pH Dependence: The solubility is also likely to be affected by pH; in highly acidic or basic conditions, the ionization of amino and carboxylic groups can lead to increased solubility.
  • Temperature Effects: As with many organic compounds, solubility can increase with temperature, allowing the compound to dissolve better in heated solvents.

In summary, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic acid demonstrates a complex solubility behavior, favoring polar environments while struggling in more hydrophobic settings. This duality may prove advantageous in specific applications, making the understanding of its solubility crucial for effective utilization.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic acid

2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic acid, commonly known as tyrosine, is a fascinating compound with numerous implications in both biological systems and pharmaceuticals.

Biological Significance

  • Amino Acid Precursor: Tyrosine is classified as a non-essential amino acid, meaning the human body can synthesize it from phenylalanine. It plays a critical role in producing neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine.
  • Melanin Production: Tyrosine is involved in the biosynthesis of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin and hair color. Its role in this process highlights its significance in medical and cosmetic applications.
  • Stress Response: Supplementing with tyrosine has been studied for its potential to boost mood and cognitive function, particularly under stress. This makes it of interest to both nutritionists and psychologists.

Pharmaceutical Applications

  • Supplement Use: Tyrosine is often marketed as a supplement to improve mental performance, especially during stressful situations.
  • Potential Therapeutics: Research into tyrosine-based compounds shows promise for treating conditions such as depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

In conclusion, the compound 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic acid serves as more than just a building block for proteins; it encapsulates a complex interplay between nutrition, mood, and overall health. Its multifaceted roles in human biology and potential therapeutic applications make it a subject of continuous research and interest within the scientific community.

Synonyms
658-48-0
Racemetirosine
DL-alpha-Methyltyrosine
2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid
DL-alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine
alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine
620-30-4
Racemetirosina
Racemetyrosine
AMPT
Racemetirosine [INN]
alpha-Methyltyrosine
Tyrosine, alpha-methyl-
A-METHYL-DL-P-TYROSINE
alpha-Methyl-dl-tyrosine
2-P-HYDROXYPHENYLMETHYL-DL-ALANINE
Dl-metyrosine
D,L-alpha-methyltyrosine
D,l-metyrosine
Tyrosine, .alpha.-methyl-
MFCD00004187
.alpha.-Methyltyrosine
Racemetyrosine [USAN]
Dl-2-methyl-p-tyrosine
.alpha.-Methyl-p-tyrosine
DL-2-Methyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)alanine
DNP-01
X88TTO174Z
SM-88
SM-88 COMPONENT RACEMETYROSINE
Racemetirosinum
Racemetyrosine (USAN)
L1-79
Racemetirosinum [INN-Latin]
Racemetirosina [INN-Spanish]
(+-)-alpha-Methyl-DL-tyrosine
Metyrosine, DL-
alpha-Methylparatyrosine, DL-
a-Methyl-D,L-tyrosine (L-isomer enriched)
EINECS 210-635-7
EINECS 211-523-0
H 9/88
BRN 2938704
UNII-X88TTO174Z
(R,S)-2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionsaeure
AI3-62542
2-Methyltyrosine
4-Hydroxy-alpha-methylphenylalanine
-Methyl-p-tyrosine
DL-a-methyltyrosine
a-Methyl-DL-tyrosine
?-Methyl-D,L-tyrosine
dl-.alpha.-Methyltyrosine
Racemetirosine [WHO-DD]
Racemetyrosine (SM-88)
.alpha.-Methylparatyrosine
.alpha.-Methyl-dl-tyrosine
alpha -Methyl-D,L-tyrosine
Lopac0_000001
SCHEMBL61871
4-14-00-02453 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS000028638
dl-.alpha.-Methyl-p-tyrosine
2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
GTPL5094
CHEMBL1330596
alpha-Methyl-DL-tyrosine, 98%
|A-Methyl-D pound notL-tyrosine
DTXSID90859529
CHEBI:232408
HMS3260A03
CS-D0593
WHO 4292
Tox21_500001
s9713
STK272180
AKOS003391424
AKOS022063174
CCG-204097
DS-6468
LP00001
SDCCGSBI-0049990.P002
(.+/-.)-.alpha.-Methyl-DL-tyrosine
NCGC00015701-03
NCGC00015701-04
NCGC00015701-05
NCGC00015701-07
NCGC00093528-01
NCGC00093528-02
NCGC00260686-01
alpha-Methyl-DL-tyrosine, >=95% (NT)
HY-33549
SMR000059140
SY045851
SY099144
2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-aminopropanoic acid
DB-054045
DB-055009
EU-0100001
NS00080214
D11606
EN300-314129
SR-01000075605
SR-01000075607
2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanoicacid
2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionic acid
SR-01000075605-1
SR-01000075607-1
Q15408417