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Cystine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H12N2O4S2
CAS number
56-89-3
IUPAC name
2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, cystine is typically in a solid state. It can exist as free crystals or within a compound such as in proteins. It remains stable when stored at ambient temperatures, away from moisture and direct sunlight.

Melting point (Celsius)
240.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
513.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
320.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
593.15
General information
Molecular weight
240.31g/mol
Molar mass
240.3060g/mol
Density
1.6800g/cm3
Appearence

Cystine appears as a colorless or white, crystalline solid. In its pure form, it is a pale yellow solid. Cystine crystals can have a layered structure.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid (C6H12N2O4S2)

The solubility of 2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid, a complex organosulfur compound, is an important consideration in its applications and biological interactions. This compound is characterized by its dual amino groups and carboxylic acid functionality, both of which greatly influence its solubility behavior in various solvents.

Factors Affecting Solubility

  • Polarity: The presence of multiple polar functional groups, such as the amino and carboxylic acid groups, increases the overall polarity of the molecule, enhancing its ability to dissolve in polar solvents like water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The reactive NH2 and COOH groups can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, facilitating solubility through favorable interactions.
  • Concentration: In higher concentrations, the interplay between its polar and non-polar characteristics may lead to decreased solubility due to intermolecular attractions among the molecules themselves.

According to anecdotal reports, compounds similar in structure to this one are known to exhibit high solubility in aqueous solutions, often exceeding the solubility limits for other amino acids and peptides.

Solubility Summary

To summarize, the solubility of 2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid can largely be attributed to:

  • High polarity due to functional groups.
  • Potential for extensive hydrogen bonding.
  • Dependency on concentration.

In conclusion, one can expect this compound to demonstrate considerable solubility in polar solvents, particularly water, which opens doors for its utilization in biochemical and pharmaceutical applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 2-Amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic Acid

2-Amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid, also known as a precursor to many biologically significant compounds, plays a crucial role in biochemical processes. Here are some fascinating aspects of this compound:

  • Biological Significance: This amino acid derivative is essential in the synthesis of proteins and has implications in the function of various enzymes due to its unique disulfide linkage.
  • Redox Properties: The presence of disulfide bonds grants this compound unique redox properties, allowing it to participate in crucial cellular reactions and signaling pathways.
  • Potential Therapeutic Applications: Research continues into its role in the treatment of various diseases, with studies exploring how this compound might affect the regulation of oxidative stress and cellular defense mechanisms.
  • Versatile Chemistry: Its dual amino acid and carboxylic functionalities make it a valuable building block in synthetic organic chemistry, enabling the creation of more complex molecules.

An important quote from the field sums it up well: "Understanding the role of amino acids in biological systems is the key to unlocking novel therapeutic strategies." This compound is a prime example of that principle in action.

Additionally, the unique structure of this amino acid emphasizes the sophistication of biological systems and reflects how even minor changes in functional groups can lead to significant differences in chemical behavior and biological activity. It showcases the intricate balance of nature's chemistry, making it a compound worth studying both in educational settings and advanced research!

Synonyms
DL-CYSTINE
923-32-0
cystine
3,3'-disulfanediylbis(2-aminopropanoic acid)
Dicysteine
Cystin
2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid
Cystine acid
Cysteine disulfide
MFCD00084652
NSC13203
(-)-Cystine
.beta.,.beta.'-Dithiodialanine
CHEBI:17376
(H-Cys-OH)
(+/-)-3,3'-Dithiobis(2-aminopropionicacid)
Bis(.beta.-amino-.beta.-carboxyethyl) disulfide
Zystin
alpha-Diamino-beta-dithiolactic acid
DTXSID50859005
MFCD00064228
NSC 203781
NSC-203781
NCGC00164531-01
Cystine,(S)
3,3'-Dithiobis(2-aminopropionic acid)
Alanine,3'-dithiodi-
DL-Cystine, 99%
Alanine,3'-dithiobis-
L-3,3'-dithiodialanine
CYSTINE, (L)
Cystine_RamanathanGurudeeban
SCHEMBL10224
CHEMBL366563
(2R)-2-amino-3-{[(2S)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]disulfanyl}propanoic acid
BDBM86199
.beta.,.beta.'-Dithiobisalanine
CAS_595
NSC_595
Pharmakon1600-01300099
BCP29195
BBL011587
CAS_67678
NSC_67678
NSC203781
NSC205366
NSC755897
STL163324
AKOS000121517
AKOS016050601
CS-W014656
FC40915
FD21212
HY-W013940
NSC-205366
NSC-755897
.beta.,.beta.'-dicarboxydiethyldisulfide
NCGC00164531-02
NCGC00164531-03
AS-66164
DA-52600
SY033311
SY036878
SY038309
.beta.,.beta.'-dicarboxydiethyl disulfide
SBI-0207067.P001
DB-052986
NS00100003
EN300-34180
Bis(.beta.-amino-.beta.-carboxyethyl)disulfide
C01420
SR-01000872746
DL-Cystine (H-DL-Cys(1)-OH.H-DL-Cys(1)-OH)
SR-01000872746-1
BRD-A15397381-001-02-5
Q27102343
Z56346947
L-Cystin;Acetylcysteine Impurity A;3,3'-Dithiodialanine
Propanoic acid,3'-dithiobis[2-amino-, [R-(R*,R*)]-
L-Cystine, from non-animal source, suitable for cell culture
.beta.,.beta.'-Diamino-.beta.,.beta.'-dicarboxydiethyl disulfide
5228F255-51E7-421E-8A05-4687B20118CB
2-amino-3-(2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-oxopropyl)disulfanylpropansäure
2-amino-3-[(2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-oxo-propyl)disulfanyl]propanoic acid