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Caffeine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C8H10N4O2
CAS number
58-08-2
IUPAC name
1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione
State
State
Caffeine is in a solid state at room temperature.
Melting point (Celsius)
235.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
508.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
178.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
451.15
General information
Molecular weight
194.19g/mol
Molar mass
194.1900g/mol
Density
1.2300g/cm3
Appearence

Caffeine is usually encountered as a white, odorless, crystalline powder with a bitter taste.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione

1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione, with the chemical formula C8H10N4O2, demonstrates a distinctive solubility profile influenced by its structural characteristics.

Factors Affecting Solubility

The solubility of this compound can be considered based on several key factors:

  • Polarity: The presence of functional groups, such as carbonyls and amines, contributes to its overall polarity, affecting its solubility in polar solvents.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The capacity for hydrogen bonding with solvents enhances solubility in water and other polar solvents.
  • Molecular Size: Its relatively small molecular size aids in solubility, especially in organic solvents.

General Solubility Behavior

In practical terms, 1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione is expected to be:

  • Soluble in water: Due to its polar nature and ability to form hydrogen bonds.
  • Soluble in organic solvents: It readily dissolves in solvents like ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
  • Less soluble in nonpolar solvents: Compounds with low polarity generally show poor solubility in these environments.

In summary, the solubility of 1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione can vary significantly depending on the solvent used, underlining the importance of selecting appropriate solvents for experiments and applications involving this compound.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 1,3,9-Trimethylpurine-2,6-dione

1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione, commonly known as theobromine, is a fascinating compound that holds significance in both the scientific and culinary worlds. Here are some intriguing insights about this compound:

  • Natural Occurrence: Theobromine is predominantly found in cacao beans, making it a key component of chocolate. Its rich presence not only contributes to the flavor of chocolate but also accounts for some of its stimulating effects.
  • Stimulant Properties: Similar to caffeine, theobromine is classified as a methylxanthine. It acts as a mild stimulant, impacting the central nervous system. For many, it offers a gentler alternative to caffeine, providing increased alertness without the jittery side effects.
  • Health Benefits: Research has indicated that theobromine may offer several health benefits, including:
    • Improved cardiovascular health by dilating blood vessels
    • Potential anti-inflammatory properties
    • Support for respiratory health as it may help open airways
  • Aromatic Profile: Theobromine contributes to the characteristic flavor of dark chocolate and is a key player in the aromatic compounds that define the scent of cacao. Its presence has made chocolate a beloved delicacy worldwide.
  • Metabolism: Interestingly, when consumed, theobromine is metabolized by the liver and has a half-life of approximately 7 hours in humans, which is longer than caffeine's, providing prolonged effects.
  • Fun Fact: While humans enjoy the benefits of theobromine, it is toxic to some animals, particularly dogs and cats. This is due to their different metabolism rates, making it crucial to keep chocolate and cacao products out of reach of pets.

Overall, 1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione is not just a chemical compound; it is a bridge connecting the fields of chemistry, nutrition, and gastronomy, illustrating the diverse roles that compounds can play in our lives.

Synonyms
Isocaffeine
519-32-4
1,3,9-Trimethylxanthine
1,3,9-trimethyl-3,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
1,3,9-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione
Caffeine Impurity C (Isocaffeine)
N4HG7T2QGW
3,9-Dihydro-1,3,9-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione
ISOCAFFIENE
1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,9-dihydro-1,3,9-trimethyl-
EINECS 208-267-7
MFCD00022834
NSC 28332
NSC-28332
9-METHYLTHEOPHYLLINE
CHEMBL74063
MLS002639222
DTXSID70199859
1,3,9-trimethyl-2,3,6,9-tetrahydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
CAFFEINE IMPURITY C [EP IMPURITY]
1,3,9-Trimethyl-3,9-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione
CAFFEINE MONOHYDRATE IMPURITY C [EP IMPURITY]
1,3,9-Trimethyl-3,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (Isocaffeine)
CAFFEINE IMPURITY C (EP IMPURITY)
CAFFEINE MONOHYDRATE IMPURITY C (EP IMPURITY)
Isocoffein
Caffeine Imp. C (EP); 1,3,9-Trimethyl-3,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione; Isocaffeine; Caffeine Impurity C
Caffeine Impurity C
Isocaffeine (8CI)
2,6-Dihydroxy-1,3,9-trimethylpurine
1,9-Trimethylxanthine
UNII-N4HG7T2QGW
1,3,9-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,9H)-dione
SCHEMBL515995
DTXCID80122350
HMS3079B15
NSC28332
BDBM50291815
PDSP1_000325
PDSP2_000323
STL416212
AKOS006274028
FT08061
HS-3118
SMR001548669
DB-052048
NS00007739
E75853
1H-Purine-2, 3,9-dihydro-1,3,9-trimethyl-
EN300-8589303
1,3,9-Trimethylxanthine, >=98% (HPLC), solid
2,6-Dihydroxy-1,3,9-trimethylpurine;Isocaffeine
Q1674397
Z1198147847
1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,9-dihydro-1,3,9-trimethyl-(9CI)
1,3,9-TRIMETHYL-3,9-DIHYDRO -1H-PURINE-2,6-DIONE (Caffeine Impurity C), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
208-267-7